1. Aflatoxin
Aflatoxin is produced by the Aspergillus family of molds. Fungus growth can continue in storage under certain environmental conditions. (High moisture stored grain) Aflatoxin can be caused by several factors, but is most commonly related to drought-stressed corn followed by periods of high humidity. If you discover Aflatoxin in your field, contact your insurance agent to set up a claim as the samples must be taken by your crop adjuster from the field.
2. Fusarium
Symptoms of Fusarium ear rot are a white to pink- or salmon-colored mold, which occurs anywhere on the ear or on scattered kernels. The mold may be associated with hail or insect-damaged kernels. Infected kernels are often tan or brown, or have white streaks.
3. Sudden Death Syndrome
Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) affects soybean plants by the development of root decay and leaf spots. It is often confused with Brown Stem Rot due to the similar discoloration of the leaf. SDS can make normal-looking fields turn yellow and die quickly. SDS can be combated by purchasing SDS resistant seed, planting date, tillage and crop rotation.
4. Brown Stem Rot
Brown Stem Rot is caused by a fungus and characterized by a marked yellowing followed by browning and withering of the leaves that is due to a brownish internal rot of the stem. Both SDS and Brown Stem Rot have similar characteristics. To better determine if SDS or Brown Stem Rot has infected your soybeans farmers must pull a plant and split the stem in order to view the rot which is not present in SDS. Brown Stem Rot can be combated by buying resistance seed, crop rotation, tillage and Soybean Cyst Nematode management.
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Good luck during this harvest season!
